Economic Analysis of Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic Analysis of Pollution - Essay ExampleMany individuals as well as international organisations have been concern in advocating for ethical ways of conducting human activities geared towards mitigating the effects of these activities to the environment. It is alpha to consider the fact that, economists have besides been involved in this advocacy. This paper contrasts the recounting merit of taxes, legal regulatory limits and tradable emissions in carryling pollution using an economic analysis. Taxes In an economics perspective, taxes can be used as mechanisms or tools for the control of pollution. Levies known as green taxes can be compel in an attempt to prevent and as well mitigate the consequences of pollution. These taxes can also be referred to as environmental taxes. In definition, green taxes are defined as levies and can be imposed on industries and countries or nations that produce game take aims of emissions. The extent of damage to the environment is a signif icant factor in considering and determining the amount of levies that a country should impose. Unleaded petrol and use of vehicles amounts to the highest levels of environmental pollution hence industrialised countries generate a higher amount of revenues from taxes imposed on these commodities. Commodities that have less impact on the environment in terms of emissions generate low or decreased amounts of revenue. Emissions in terms of green taxes are easier to monitor and quantify as compared to tradable permits (Norregaard and Reppelin-Hill, 2000). Imposing green taxes in these developed and industrialised countries have significantly contributed to the decrease in the amount of emissions that leads to the warming of the environment. In the industrial sector, green taxes have focused on levies imposed based on the amount of snow dioxide produced by a specific industry. Due to the fact that it is very hard to quantify the amount or level of carbon dioxide produced by a certain in dustry, estimates are used. The higher the carbon dioxide produced and released to the atmosphere, the higher the taxes. This helps in discouraging industries to use fuels that generate large volumes of gases particularly carbon dioxide and subsequently adapt cleaner sources of energy. Studies done over the recent past have indicated the fact that imposing green taxes can change consumption patterns of or so commodities. Imposing high taxes on unleaded petrol force individuals to change to cleaner fuels as they attract fewer taxes. This in the long run cuts significantly the amount of dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Taxes and tradable permits have divergent merits. According to Norregaard and Reppelin-Hill (20007), Taxes minimise ex-post efficiency losses if the marginal cost act upon is steeper than the marginal damage function, while tradable permits are better if the damage function is steeper Tradable permits Some countries some as the US have compet ent the incorporation of tradable permits in the fight against environmental pollution. In contrast to green taxes, permits do not attain better and enhanced results on pollution control as they encourage industries to connive. In general, tradable permits are used with the main objective of managing and regulating the use of substances that contribute to increase in the level of emissions in the atmosphere. It is important for countries adapting this system to ensure they assess the significance and objective of these tradable permits and the benefits they will bring to the management of the environment. Plans of actions also need to be implemented to observe and monitor these emissions to the atmosphere. Permits should not be granted in a manner that would lead to

Dimensions of Technology Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dimensions of Technology - Research Paper ExampleMusic information processing is a developing field in computer light and although it is hard to predict how it will revolutionize the euphony industry, the field might change how most people view music production (Bozkurt & Holzapfel 13).Music information science is related to computer science in the sense that it views music as info. Scholars in this field are advocating for the need to treat music as data in order to realize the full benefits of this discipline to the music industry. Music searching has been revolutionized with development of packet that can search for music in libraries in spite of appearance a short time. Additionally, music analysis in this discipline involves computer-aided skills in creating pitch and harmony during music production. Another area in this discipline that requires music to be treated as data is the creation of musical scores. These scores are converted from their handwritten form into music symbols and are stored in digital form (Bozkurt & Holzapfel 14).Music informatics further involves software development, a key area in computer science. Almost every aspect of music informatics requires software. This ranges from music search engines, transition of musical stores into digital symbols to online distribution and consumption of music. The discipline has attracted many students who are interested in software engineering and who would bid to specialize in music software design (Bozkurt & Holzapfel 16). The discipline interlinks with other disciplines in computer science since software engineers who specialize in music software design can further their skills in other areas within the field of computing.Music informatics can also be seen to involve skills in mathematics, a key aspect of computer science. Processing digital signals for audio music requires vast knowledge in mathematics. Audio digital signal processing involves conversion of analogue signals into a series of numbers that represent these signals in digital

Evaluation of DHS's Ethics, Cooperation, Leadership, and Legal Research Paper

Evaluation of DHSs Ethics, Cooperation, Leadership, and Legal Decisions - Research Paper ExampleInvestigations by the DHS are still ongoing, while another(prenominal) stakeholders in the incident representing the government have taken preventive measures. For example, Mungin & Brady (2013) write that Connecticut governor, Dannel Malloy signed a right increasing the number of guns banned by the state. In addition, soil checks are to be conducted on all gun purchases, and schools allocated 15 million U.S dollars to improve their security. Parents of the dispatch children, as well as other residents of Connecticut welcomed the law and called for tougher regulations to curb illegal gun possession (Mungin & Brady, 2013). On 16th April 2013, both bombs exploded at the finish line of the Boston marathon, killing three people and injuring 100 others. Two brothers were suspected of being behind the bombings and one is in custody, while the other was shot dead in a shootout with police, w hen the latter were looking for the suspect. According to Homeland Security (2013), Mr. McCaul, the chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee, the two brothers appear to have received help in planning the attack. The sophistication of the devices used and the timing of the attack led to this conclusion. Accordingly, investigations into the attack cover areas outside the U.S, oddly Pakistan and Afghanistan. On its part, the federal government pledged to get to the bottom of the matter, but president Obama avoided terming the attacks as terrorism. To the public, a day of celebrations turned tragic, especially considering that the marathoners had salaried tribute to the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting at the beginning of the race. According to the Center for Public Integritys article by Fred Schulte on ATFs struggle to close down firearm school principals (2013), the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) does a shoddy job inspecting school principals. Apparently, ATF inspectors whitethorn delay to inspect a dealer for as long as eight years and when they do, the inspection is not thorough enough. In cases where inspectors find dealers to have violated gun laws and revoke the dealers licenses, the latter usually appeals revocation. This process drags in the courts for years and meanwhile, dealers pass their business over to relatives or turn them into personal collection, which does not require background checks. Probably, this is the reason why people like Adam Lanza owned guns capable of killing more than 26 people in 5 minutes. There is no telling how many more people own guns illegally, and how safe the U.S citizens are. A second article by Berlow on current gun debate may not help beleaguered ATF addresses how the congress has played a role in ATFs failure to control weapon use, particularly in conducting investigations. It also addresses the incident that the agency lacks funds to run operations smoothly . In addition, the current laws are too weak to recognize the role of TF in cases involving gun trafficking. Leadership influences The leaders of DHS is hierarchical in structure, headed by the Secretary of Homeland Security, who is appointed by the President, with the consent of the senate. The Deputy Secretary comes second, followed by Under Secretaries and Assistant Secretaries who head incompatible departments. This style of leadership allows for the formation of mechanism to assess risks, and allocate funds for countering terrorism.

The current extended interpretation of the Commerce Clause Research Paper

The current extended interpreting of the Commerce article - Research reputation ExampleThere is little doubt that the conventional and accepted common meaning of medico both in common discourse as healthful as in legal language, was mercantile trade and the additionally associated activities (Natelson & Kopel, 2011).There are at least four possible interpretations which have been proposed in interpretation of the Commercial Clause (Scheb & Stephens, 2007, pg. 100). First it has been advocated that the clause bestows upon the Congress the absolute power to control commerce. Under this construal, states are deprived off power to check interstate commerce. Secondly, it has been interprated that theclause gives Congress and the states contemporaneous powers to regulate commerce. Under this interpretation, state regulation of commerce is unenforceable only in cases where it is pre-empted by federal laws (Exploring Constitutional Conflicts, 2011).Third, the Commerce Clause has been int erpreted to imply that both the congress and the states each have their own mutually exclusive zones of regulatory power. Under this construal, it becomes the responsibility of the judicial system to correspond whether one sovereign has invaded the exclusive regulatory zone of the other.The last interpretation that has been advanced is that the clause by its own force dissociates states the power to regulate commerce in certain ways, but both the Congress and States retain coexisting power to control commerce in many other respects. This forth interpretation, is a complicated and convoluted hybrid of two others, and it is the approach employed by the courts in their decision while interpreting the commerce clause.According to Marshall (Kommers, Finn, & Jacobsohn, 2004, pg. 301), as long as any aspect of commerce implicated or involved more than one state, such as transportation or the supersede of commodities across state lines, congress may regulate it. The power to regulate, how ever, is equally broad. He added, this power, like all others

Miss representat Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Miss representat - Assignment ExampleThis was mainly due to the moral decadence and abuse of the married sanctity. Furthermore, she was an advocate for womens right to vote and made history as the first woman to run for president of the United States in 1870. The major themes in her story reflected on feminism, women suffrage and women leadership.Collins, in the book entitled, When Everything Changed, described the remarkable changes in the lives of women dating back from 1960. The book revolved around the themes of sex and sexual urge roles, work, fashion, and politics that shaped the revolution of women. Furthermore, the book offered much insight from the contributing interviews by women who recounted tales of gender inequality and male chauvinism. For example the 7% quota restriction of female enrolment to medical school in the 1960s (Collins 23). The cataclysm of changes highlighted the contemporary political dynamics that was marked by the historic presidential thrusts of Hil lary Clinton.Foucault on his range engaged on an intellectual argument regarding the exercising of power over subjects (Dreyfus & Rabinow 2). He theorized that power can be viewed as positive when used as a tool for governing subjects towards a set standard of goals. Furthermore, power can only be applicable to free subjects that are governed by relationship of power. Consequently, slavery cannot be viewed as a power relationship when the subject is bound in chains. The notion put forth by Foucault was that slaves exhibited free go out to work for their masters so long as they were not bound. Consequently, they enjoyed a power relationship. However one major critic of Foucaults views is his claim that license escapes everywhere power is exercised (Dreyfus & Rabinow 4). This directly implied that there cannot be free exercise of freedom and power at concurrentlyPat Buchanans electoral campaign brochure highlighted key policy areas touching on gender equity and racial equality. One of

Strategic Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Strategic Marketing - Assignment Example(Zeithaml & Bitner, 2004 Daly, 2004). We Classification of industries or businesses facilitate some generalizations about leave marketing strategies for each classified group. The benefit sector has multiple varieties of businesses ranging from airlines, telecommunications to professional function to even one person businesses such as body masseurs. This numerosity makes categorizations of service more tedious than physical goods (Samiee, 1999). Lovelock and Yip (1996) classified services into various groups. One important grouping was - People Processing Services These services necessitate the customers presence while the service is being provided. Most of such services are aimed or applied to people and so their presence is essential. In order to buy, use and appreciate these services customers must be ready to spend time, co-operating with the service operation (Lovelock, Vandermerwe & Lewis, 1996). Typical examples of such services are medical examination services, passenger transport, hotels, fitness centers and beauticians. It is the marketing of these services which is radically different from marketing of physical products. The focus of this paper is the marketing efforts of one such service viz.Hotel services. We sustain chosen Marriott Hotels marketing efforts and examine them for their focus and propriety. The entire paper has theoretical support covering various aspects of service marketing.Peculiarities of Services A service is an exercise or benefit that one party can offer to another which is essentially in visible and does not result in the ownership of anything.Kotler (2000) demonstrates that in the goods continuum the trace between products and services is far from clear as one traverses from tangibility to intangibility. The lack of distinction is particularly prominent mid way through this continuum where tangibility and intangibility may gel indistinguishably. However the fact re importants t hat the tangibility dimension of the offering is a critical distinction and can identify a service offering. For instance, in a hotel stay on once the stay has been completed nothing tangible is left with customer for preservation except experience, hence hotel stay is a typical person processing service offering. Such an offering may have tangible dimensions to it like the complementary food and products however it may be seen that most of these are consumed and do not survive the stay. Even if some tangible offering e.g. souvenirs etc does survive the hotel stay it does not emanate from the main service but is only incidental to the service offering. On the whole the services retain their intangible and perishable characters in most offerings. Chief characteristics associated with services can be stated as below Intangibility - Services are not physical. They can neither be possessed nor seen or felt. The tangible indicators of service are few, if any, and they are not good enoug h indicators to reduce consumer uncertainty. This increases the work of service marketers who must diligently determine how to effectively communicate the service process and the final outcome the

How to manage change and achieve sustainable growth in Hong Kong Dissertation

How to manage change and get through sustainable growth in Hong Kong Travel Industry A slip-up study on China Travel Service - Dissertation ExampleThe interview results were analysed to develop an understanding of the change management process of CTS, the barriers that it faced and overcame and the outcomes of the change. The analytic thinking of the change process revealed that CTS has succesfully used the change management techniques to instil both a process and culture change. The case study of CTS provides inspiration and insight to another(prenominal) travel organizations in Hong Kong to emulate. Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. terra firma and Introduction 1.2. look into Questions 1.3. Research Aims and Objectives 1.4. Research rules 1.5. Dissertation Outline Chapter 2 Overview of CTS Chapter 3 Literature Review 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Travel and Tourism Industry 3.2.1 Chinese Travel Industry Overview 3.2.2 Hong Kong Tourism 3.2.2.1 Tourism Performance 3.2.2.2 Customer Profile and air division 3.2.2.3 Hong Kong as a Repeat Destination 3.2.3 Factors Affecting Tourism Industry in Hong Kong 3.2.3.2 Government Attitude and Policies 3.2.3.3 International Events 3.2.3.3 Increased Exposure to the Outside populace 3.2.3.4 Increase in Standards of Livng and Purchasing Power 3.2.3.5 Technology 3.2.3.6 Rapid Investment in Infrastructure 3.2.4 Challenges Faced by Travel Industry 3.2.4.1 Perception of jeopardize Hazards 3.2.4.2 Liberalization and Entry of Foreign Players 3.2.4.3 Competition from Neighboring Destinations 3.2.4.4 Government Controls 3.2.4.5 Cultural Issues 3.2.3.6 SARS and Intermittent Outbreak of other Infectious Diseases 3.3 Strategic care in Travel Industry 3.3.1 Tourism Organizational Structure and Vision for Hong Kong 3.3.2 Tourism Strategy in Hong Kong 3.3.2.1 Tourism Promotion 3.3.2.2 Tourism Development in Hong Kong 3.3.2.3 supervise and Regulation of Tourism in Hong Kong 3.3.3 Lack of Strategic Implementation 3.4Change Man agement Theories and Concepts 3.4.1 Definitions and Concepts of Change Management 3.4.2Theories of Change 3.4.2.1 Lewins Model of Change The Force study Analysis 3.4.2.2 The ADKAR Model 3.4.2.3 Six Changes Model 3.4.2.3 Eight-Step Process for Implementing Successful Transformations Model 3.5 Summary of Literature Chapter 4 Research Methodology 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Research Objectives 4.3 Research Approach 4.4 Research Methods 4.5 Research Design 4.5.1 Secondary Research 4.5.2 Primary Research 4.5.2.1 Sample 4.5.2.2 Sample Selection Method 4.5.2.3 Data Collection Method 4.5.2.4 Data Collection Instrument 4.5.2.5 Data Analysis Method 4.6 Ethical Considerations 4.7 Summary Chapter 5 Findings 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Challenges Faced by CTS in the Current task Environment 5.3 Opportunities for CTS in the Current and Future 5.3 Strategic Changes made by CTS 5.5 Internal Changes at CTS 5.6 Change Management Process at CTS 5.7 Challenges to Change Management Process and Overcoming Barriers to Change 5.8 Outcomes of Change Management 5.9Analysis of the Change Management Process 5.10 Summary Chapter 7 Conclusions 7.1 Summary of Findings 7.2 Limitations of Research and Scope for future Research lean of tables Table 1 Total Number of Visitors to Hong Kong in the first six months of 2010 Table 2 Positive Outcomes of Change Management How to manage change and achieve sustainable growth in Hong Kong Travel Industry? A case study on China Travel Service Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Background and Introduction The business environment within